为Nexus5编译AndroidL固件
2015-02-10 00:19 515 0
接前一篇文章<使用Android Studio查看Android Lollipop源码> , 我们知道,仅仅看代码,提高是比较有限的,而且理解起来也比较肤浅,往往过目就忘. 而自己写过的代码,往往会印象比较深刻,在写的时候也会比较容易理解流程. 所以我们在看代码的同时, 如果能修改代码, 在手机上跑起来并看到修改的效果,这无疑会加快看代码的效率和积极性. 所以这篇文章,就讲解一下如何自己编译AndroidL的源码,并且在Nexus5上跑起来. 至于为何需要自己编译固件,而不是直接安装Google给出的工厂固件?原因是Google给出的工厂固件是User版本,是没法随心所欲Push东西进 去的. 所以我们需要编译自己的Userdebug版本.
本文假设你已经下载了AndroidL的源码,并且有一台Nexus5手机(手机系统开发人员必备), 如果你还没有AndroidL的源码,或者你有源码但是没有配置编译的环境,那么 Initializing a Build Environment 和Downloading the Source这两篇文章你应该先去看一下(我又一次假设你会翻墙,如果你不会翻墙,那么下代码也是一个痛苦的事情). 这后面的教程Google官网也有教程.所以我只针对Nexus5进行讲解.
另外你需要知道AOSP,AOSP即Android Open Source Project 汉语意思是：谷歌开放源代码项目.我们通过Google官方下载的源代码,就是AOSP的代码, 其中是不包含Google开发的那些个应用的,各个厂商拿到的也是这个版本,在这个版本的基础上进行修改. 而Google发布的工厂固件则是包含全套Google服务的. 厂商如果想安装Google服务,就需要过Google的那一套认证,比较麻烦,而且价格不菲,鉴于Google在国内的尴尬地位,国内很多厂商都没有过 这个认证.
1. 初始化编译环境
. build/envsetup.sh
2. 加载机型
lunch
3. 选择要编译的机器
You're building on Linux
Lunch menu... pick a combo:
1. aosp_arm-eng
2. aosp_arm64-eng
3. aosp_mips-eng
4. aosp_mips64-eng
5. aosp_x86-eng
6. aosp_x86_64-eng
7. aosp_shamu-userdebug
8. aosp_manta-userdebug
9. full_fugu-userdebug
10. aosp_fugu-userdebug
11. aosp_grouper-userdebug
12. aosp_tilapia-userdebug
13. aosp_deb-userdebug
14. aosp_flo-userdebug
15. aosp_mako-userdebug
16. aosp_hammerhead-userdebug
17. aosp_flounder-userdebug
18. mini_emulator_x86_64-userdebug
19. mini_emulator_arm-userdebug
20. mini_emulator_x86-userdebug
21. mini_emulator_mips-userdebug
22. mini_emulator_arm64-userdebug
3.1 机型对照表
| Device | Code name | Build configuration |
|---|---|---|
| Nexus 6 | shamu | aosp_shamu-userdebug |
| Nexus Player | fugu | aosp_fugu-userdebug |
| Nexus 9 | volantis (flounder) | aosp_flounder-userdebug |
| Nexus 5 (GSM/LTE) | hammerhead | aosp_hammerhead-userdebug |
| Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) | razor (flo) | aosp_flo-userdebug |
| Nexus 7 (Mobile) | razorg (deb) | aosp_deb-userdebug |
| Nexus 10 | mantaray (manta) | full_manta-userdebug |
| Nexus 4 | occam (mako) | full_mako-userdebug |
| Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) | nakasi (grouper) | full_grouper-userdebug |
| Nexus 7 (Mobile) | nakasig (tilapia) | full_tilapia-userdebug |
| Galaxy Nexus (GSM/HSPA+) | yakju (maguro) | full_maguro-userdebug |
| Galaxy Nexus (Verizon) | mysid (toro) | aosp_toro-userdebug |
| Galaxy Nexus (Experimental) | mysidspr (toroplus) | aosp_toroplus-userdebug |
| PandaBoard (Archived) | panda | aosp_panda-userdebug |
| Motorola Xoom (U.S. Wi-Fi) | wingray | full_wingray-userdebug |
| Nexus S | soju (crespo) | full_crespo-userdebug |
| Nexus S 4G | sojus (crespo4g) | full_crespo4g-userdebug |
3.2 三个版本说明版本
| Buildtype | Use |
|---|---|
| user | limited access; suited for production |
| userdebug | like “user” but with root access and debuggability; preferred for debugging |
| eng | development configuration with additional debugging tools |
选择aosp_hammerhead-userdebug之后,会有下面的确认信息:
\============================================
PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
PLATFORM_VERSION=5.0.50.50.50.50
TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_hammerhead
TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=userdebug
TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
TARGET_ARCH=arm
TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a-neon
TARGET_CPU_VARIANT=krait
TARGET_2ND_ARCH=
TARGET_2ND_ARCH_VARIANT=
TARGET_2ND_CPU_VARIANT=
HOST_ARCH=x86_64
HOST_OS=linux
HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-37-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.10-utopic
HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
BUILD_ID=AOSP
OUT_DIR=out
============================================
4.生成驱动目录
接下来需要在Android官网下载 Nexus5所需要的驱动:
| Hardware Component | Company | Download | MD5 Checksum | SHA-1 Checksum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NFC, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi | Broadcom | Link | 2c398994e37093df51b105d63f0eb611 | 991346159c95ae75f760014a6822b8b3e8667700 |
| Camera, Sensors, Audio | LG | Link | 74cf8235e6bb04da28b2ff738b13eee9 | 175dd5bae81bb54030d072cb0f0b4ec81eb3f71f |
| Graphics, GSM, Camera, GPS, Sensors, Media, DSP, USB | Qualcomm | Link | 0a43395e175d3de3dc312d8abdcb4f20 | 007cf9d49f0409d5c703e7f2811fd153fee22353 |
下载完成后,解压出来是三个.sh文件,放到Android源码目录下面,然后执行.会将相关驱动放到vender目录下面.
5. 执行编译命令
make -j8
如果没有出错的话,在经过漫长的时间之后,编译成功:
Installed file list: out/target/product/hammerhead/installed-files.txt
Target system fs image: out/target/product/hammerhead/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img
Running: mkuserimg.sh -s out/target/product/hammerhead/system out/target/product/hammerhead/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img ext4 system 1073741824 -L system out/target/product/hammerhead/root/file_contexts
make_ext4fs -s -T -1 -S out/target/product/hammerhead/root/file_contexts -L system -l 1073741824 -a system out/target/product/hammerhead/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img out/target/product/hammerhead/system
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 1073741824
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8192
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 4096
Label: system
Blocks: 262144
Block groups: 8
Reserved block group size: 63
Created filesystem with 1445/65536 inodes and 85879/262144 blocks
Install system fs image: out/target/product/hammerhead/system.img
out/target/product/hammerhead/system.img+out/target/product/hammerhead/obj/PACKAGING/recovery_patch_intermediates/recovery_from_boot.p maxsize=1096212480 blocksize=135168 total=336629666 reserve=11083776
6. 刷机命令
Nexus5关机状态下,长按音量下+电源,即可进入recovery模式, 然后在源码根目录下执行下面命令:
fastboot -w flashall
刷机成功后会自动重启
~/Android-SourceCode fastboot -w flashall
target reported max download size of 1073741824 bytes
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 13725835264
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8144
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 32768
Label:
Blocks: 3351034
Block groups: 103
Reserved block group size: 823
Created filesystem with 11/838832 inodes and 93654/3351034 blocks
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 734003200
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 7472
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 2800
Label:
Blocks: 179200
Block groups: 6
Reserved block group size: 47
Created filesystem with 11/44832 inodes and 5813/179200 blocks
--------------------------------------------
Bootloader Version...: HHZ12d
Baseband Version.....: M8974A-2.0.50.2.22
Serial Number........: 08ade1a513dc087b
--------------------------------------------
checking product...
OKAY \[ 0.100s\]
sending 'boot' (8950 KB)...
OKAY \[ 0.500s\]
writing 'boot'...
OKAY \[ 0.784s\]
sending 'recovery' (9672 KB)...
OKAY \[ 0.556s\]
writing 'recovery'...
OKAY \[ 0.814s\]
erasing 'system'...
OKAY \[ 1.166s\]
sending 'system' (328187 KB)...
OKAY \[ 10.501s\]
writing 'system'...
OKAY \[ 23.623s\]
erasing 'userdata'...
OKAY \[ 14.657s\]
sending 'userdata' (137318 KB)...
OKAY \[ 4.520s\]
writing 'userdata'...
OKAY \[ 9.776s\]
erasing 'cache'...
OKAY \[ 0.618s\]
sending 'cache' (13348 KB)...
OKAY \[ 0.630s\]
writing 'cache'...
OKAY \[ 1.070s\]
rebooting...
finished. total time: 70.095s
