JavaScript

javascript和css实现垂直方向自适应的三角提示菜单

TooltipMenu

查看demo

这是一个比较简单实用的菜单，最重要的是他不需要引用jQuery库。菜单在垂直方向上能做到自适应，当主菜单靠近顶部，子菜单将会在下面，当主菜单靠近底部，子菜单在上面。运用Modernizr的触摸检测功能，我们可以让子菜单的响应在pc上是hover，而在触摸设备上是点击。例子中还示范了如何在宽度比较窄的情况下如何调整布局。

html代码：

<ul id="cbp-tm-menu" class="cbp-tm-menu">
    <li>
        <a href="#">Home</a>
    </li>
    <li>
        <a href="#">Veggie made</a>
        <ul class="cbp-tm-submenu">
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-archive">Sorrel desert</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-cog">Raisin kakadu</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-location">Plum salsify</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-users">Bok choy celtuce</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-earth">Onion endive</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-location">Bitterleaf</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-mobile">Sea lettuce</a></li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li>
        <a href="#">Pepper tatsoi</a>
        <ul class="cbp-tm-submenu">
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-archive">Brussels sprout</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-cog">Kakadu lemon</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-link">Juice green</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-users">Wine fruit</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-earth">Garlic mint</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-location">Zucchini garnish</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-mobile">Sea lettuce</a></li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li>
        <a href="#">Sweet melon</a>
        <ul class="cbp-tm-submenu">
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-screen">Sorrel desert</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-mail">Raisin kakadu</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-contract">Plum salsify</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-pencil">Bok choy celtuce</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-article">Onion endive</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="cbp-tm-icon-clock">Bitterleaf</a></li>
        </ul>
    </li>
</ul>

css代码

/* Iconfont made with icomoon.com */
@font-face {
    font-family: 'cbp-tmicons';
    src:url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.eot');
    src:url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
        url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.woff') format('woff'),
        url('../fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.ttf') format('truetype'),
        url('https://img.paonet.com/upload-images-old/a/javascript/2013/fonts/tmicons/cbp-tmicons.svg') format('svg');
    font-weight: normal;
    font-style: normal;
}
/* reset  list style */
.cbp-tm-menu,
.cbp-tm-menu ul {
    list-style: none;
}
/* set menu position; change here to set to relative or float, etc. */
.cbp-tm-menu {
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 1000;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 100%;
    background: #47a3da;
    text-align: right;
    padding: 0 2em;
    margin: 0;
    text-transform: capitalize;
}
/* first level menu items */
.cbp-tm-menu > li {
    display: inline-block;
    margin: 0 2.6em;
    position: relative;
}
.cbp-tm-menu > li > a {
    line-height: 4em;
    padding: 0 0.3em;
    font-size: 1.2em;
    display: block;
    color: #fff;
}
.no-touch .cbp-tm-menu > li > a:hover,
.no-touch .cbp-tm-menu > li > a:active {
    color: #02639d;
}
/* sumbenu with transitions */
.cbp-tm-submenu {
    position: absolute;
    display: block;
    visibility: hidden;
    opacity: 0;
    padding: 0;
    text-align: left;
    pointer-events: none;
    -webkit-transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0s;
    -moz-transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0s;
    transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0s;
}
.cbp-tm-show .cbp-tm-submenu {
    width: 16em;
    left: 50%;
    margin: 0 0 0 -8em;
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    pointer-events: auto;
    -webkit-transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0.3s;
    -moz-transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0.3s;
    transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0.3s;
}
.cbp-tm-show-above .cbp-tm-submenu {
    bottom: 100%;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.cbp-tm-show-below .cbp-tm-submenu {
    top: 100%;
    padding-top: 10px;
}
/* extreme cases: not enough space on the sides */
.cbp-tm-nospace-right .cbp-tm-submenu {
    right: 0;
    left: auto;
}
.cbp-tm-nospace-left .cbp-tm-submenu {
    left: 0;
}
/* last menu item has to fit on the screen */
.cbp-tm-menu > li:last-child .cbp-tm-submenu {
    right: 0;
}
/*
arrow: depending on where the menu will be shown, we set
the right position for the arrow
*/
.cbp-tm-submenu:after {
    border: solid transparent;
    content: " ";
    height: 0;
    width: 0;
    position: absolute;
    pointer-events: none;
}
.cbp-tm-show-above .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
    top: 100%;
    margin-top: -10px;
}
.cbp-tm-show-below .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
    bottom: 100%;
    margin-bottom: -10px;
}
.cbp-tm-submenu:after {
    border-color: transparent;
    border-width: 16px;
    margin-left: -16px;
    left: 50%;
}
.cbp-tm-show-above .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
    border-top-color: #fff;
}
.cbp-tm-show-below .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
    border-bottom-color: #fff;
}
.cbp-tm-submenu > li {
    display: block;
    background: #fff;
}
.cbp-tm-submenu > li > a {
    padding: 5px 2.3em 5px 0.6em; /* top/bottom paddings in 'em' cause a tiny "jump" in Chrome on Win */
    display: block;
    font-size: 1.2em;
    position: relative;
    color: #47a3da;
    border: 4px solid #fff;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.2s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.2s;
    transition: all 0.2s;
}
.no-touch .cbp-tm-submenu > li > a:hover,
.no-touch .cbp-tm-submenu > li > a:active {
    color: #fff;
    background: #47a3da;
}
/* the icons (main level menu icon and sublevel icons) */
.cbp-tm-submenu li a:before,
.cbp-tm-menu > li > a:before {
    font-family: 'cbp-tmicons';
    speak: none;
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: normal;
    font-variant: normal;
    text-transform: none;
    line-height: 1;
    vertical-align: middle;
    margin-right: 0.6em;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
.cbp-tm-submenu li a:before {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    margin-top: -0.5em;
    right: 0.5em;
}
.cbp-tm-menu > li > a:not(:only-child):before {
    content: "\\f0c9";
    font-size: 60%;
    opacity: 0.3;
}
.cbp-tm-icon-archive:before {
    content: "\\e002";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-cog:before {
    content: "\\e003";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-users:before {
    content: "\\e004";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-earth:before {
    content: "\\e005";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-location:before {
    content: "\\e006";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-mobile:before {
    content: "\\e007";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-screen:before {
    content: "\\e008";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-mail:before {
    content: "\\e009";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-contract:before {
    content: "\\e00a";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-pencil:before {
    content: "\\e00b";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-article:before {
    content: "\\e00c";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-clock:before {
    content: "\\e00d";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-videos:before {
    content: "\\e00e";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-pictures:before {
    content: "\\e00f";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-link:before {
    content: "\\e010";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-refresh:before {
    content: "\\e011";
}
.cbp-tm-icon-help:before {
    content: "\\e012";
}
/* Media Queries */
@media screen and (max-width: 55.6875em) {
    .cbp-tm-menu {
        font-size: 80%;
    }
}
@media screen and (max-height: 25.25em), screen and (max-width: 44.3125em) {
    .cbp-tm-menu {
        font-size: 100%;
        position: relative;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 0;
        top: auto;
    }
    .cbp-tm-menu > li {
        display: block;
        margin: 0;
        border-bottom: 4px solid #3793ca;
    }
    .cbp-tm-menu > li:first-child {
        border-top: 4px solid #3793ca;
    }
    li.cbp-tm-show > a,
    .no-touch .cbp-tm-menu > li > a:hover,
    .no-touch .cbp-tm-menu > li > a:active {
        color: #fff;
        background: #02639d;
    }
    .cbp-tm-submenu {
        position: relative;
        display: none;
        width: 100%;
    }
    .cbp-tm-submenu > li {
        padding: 0;
    }
    .cbp-tm-submenu > li > a {
        padding: 0.6em 2.3em 0.6em 0.6em;
        border: none;
        border-bottom: 2px solid #6fbbe9;
    }
    .cbp-tm-submenu:after {
        display: none;
    }
    .cbp-tm-menu .cbp-tm-show .cbp-tm-submenu {
        display: block;
        width: 100%;
        left: 0;
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
        bottom: auto;
        top: auto;
    }
}

javascript代码

/**
 * cbpTooltipMenu.js v1.0.0
 * http://www.codrops.com
 *
 * Licensed under the MIT license.
 * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 *
 * Copyright 2013, Codrops
 * http://www.codrops.com
 */
;( function( window ) {
    'use strict';
    var document = window.document,
        docElem = document.documentElement;
    function extend( a, b ) {
        for( var key in b ) {
            if( b.hasOwnProperty( key ) ) {
                a\[key\] = b\[key\];
            }
        }
        return a;
    }
    // from https://github.com/ryanve/response.js/blob/master/response.js
    function getViewportH() {
        var client = docElem\['clientHeight'\],
            inner = window\['innerHeight'\];
        if( client < inner )
            return inner;
        else
            return client;
    }
    // http://stackoverflow.com/a/11396681/989439
    function getOffset( el ) {
        return el.getBoundingClientRect();
    }
    // http://snipplr.com/view.php?codeview&id=5259
    function isMouseLeaveOrEnter(e, handler) {
        if (e.type != 'mouseout' && e.type != 'mouseover') return false;
        var reltg = e.relatedTarget ? e.relatedTarget :
        e.type == 'mouseout' ? e.toElement : e.fromElement;
        while (reltg && reltg != handler) reltg = reltg.parentNode;
        return (reltg != handler);
    }
    function cbpTooltipMenu( el, options ) {
        this.el = el;
        this.options = extend( this.defaults, options );
        this._init();
    }
    cbpTooltipMenu.prototype = {
        defaults : {
            // add a timeout to avoid the menu to open instantly
            delayMenu : 100
        },
        _init : function() {
            this.touch = Modernizr.touch;
            this.menuItems = document.querySelectorAll( '#' + this.el.id + ' > li' );
            this._initEvents();
        },
        _initEvents : function() {
            var self = this;
            Array.prototype.slice.call( this.menuItems ).forEach( function( el, i ) {
                var trigger = el.querySelector( 'a' );
                if( self.touch ) {
                    trigger.addEventListener( 'click', function( ev ) { self._handleClick( this, ev ); } );
                }
                else {
                    trigger.addEventListener( 'click', function( ev ) {
                        if( this.parentNode.querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' ) ) {
                            ev.preventDefault();
                        }
                    } );
                    el.addEventListener( 'mouseover', function(ev) { if( isMouseLeaveOrEnter( ev, this ) ) self._openMenu( this ); } );
                    el.addEventListener( 'mouseout', function(ev) { if( isMouseLeaveOrEnter( ev, this ) ) self._closeMenu( this ); } );
                }
            } );
        },
        _openMenu : function( el ) {
            var self = this;
            clearTimeout( this.omtimeout );
            this.omtimeout = setTimeout( function() {
                var submenu = el.querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' );
                if( submenu ) {
                    el.className = 'cbp-tm-show';
                    if( self._positionMenu( el ) === 'top' ) {
                        el.className += ' cbp-tm-show-above';
                    }
                    else {
                        el.className += ' cbp-tm-show-below';
                    }
                }
            }, this.touch ? 0 : this.options.delayMenu );
        },
        _closeMenu : function( el ) {
            clearTimeout( this.omtimeout );
            var submenu = el.querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' );
            if( submenu ) {
                // based on https://github.com/desandro/classie/blob/master/classie.js
                el.className = el.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\\\s+)" + "cbp-tm-show" + "(\\\\s+|$)"), ' ');
                el.className = el.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\\\s+)" + "cbp-tm-show-below" + "(\\\\s+|$)"), ' ');
                el.className = el.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\\\s+)" + "cbp-tm-show-above" + "(\\\\s+|$)"), ' ');
            }
        },
        _handleClick : function( el, ev ) {
            var item = el.parentNode,
                items = Array.prototype.slice.call( this.menuItems ),
                submenu = item.querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' )
            // first close any opened one..
            if( this.current &&  items.indexOf( item ) !== this.current ) {
                this._closeMenu( this.el.children\[ this.current \] );
                this.el.children\[ this.current \].querySelector( 'ul.cbp-tm-submenu' ).setAttribute( 'data-open', 'false' );
            }
            if( submenu ) {
                ev.preventDefault();
                var isOpen = submenu.getAttribute( 'data-open' );
                if( isOpen === 'true' ) {
                    this._closeMenu( item );
                    submenu.setAttribute( 'data-open', 'false' );
                }
                else {
                    this._openMenu( item );
                    this.current = items.indexOf( item );
                    submenu.setAttribute( 'data-open', 'true' );
                }
            }
        },
        _positionMenu : function( el ) {
            // checking where's more space left in the viewport: above or below the element
            var vH = getViewportH(),
                ot = getOffset(el),
                spaceUp = ot.top ,
                spaceDown = vH - spaceUp - el.offsetHeight;
            return ( spaceDown <= spaceUp ? 'top' : 'bottom' );
        }
    }
    // add to global namespace
    window.cbpTooltipMenu = cbpTooltipMenu;
} )( window );
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